Exploring the versatility of heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms (triazoles): a comprehensive review

Abstract

Heterocyclic compounds are cyclic compounds with atoms from at least two different elements in their ring. They play vital roles in regulating biochemical processes in living systems that involve hormones, enzymes, and genetic materials. Among the heterocyclic compounds, triazoles have a fascinating structure that comprises three nitrogen atoms and two carbon atoms. Generally, they are divided into two type of isomers, namely, 1,2,3-triazoles and 1,2,4-triazoles, representing a diverse and essential class of molecules in organic chemistry. Their immense applications in pharmaceutical chemistry and agrochemistry make them vital for humankind. This review is a perfect blend for the researchers and practitioners seeking to explore the versatility, functional diversity, and synthetic methodology of 1,2,3-triazoles and 1,2,4-triazoles from various carbon and nitrogen sources.