Issue 4, 2025

A core–shell structural catalyst with graphitic carbon encapsulating Fe3C and Fe3N used for H2O2 activation to degrade norfloxacin

Abstract

Energy consumption remains a significant challenge in the removal of recalcitrant pollutants through advanced oxidation processes. In this study, a core–shell structural catalyst with graphitic carbon, encapsulating Fe3C and Fe3N (FeNC@C), was synthesized via pyrolysis for norfloxacin (NOR) degradation without extra energy. And we investigated several key parameters that influence the degradation of NOR, including H2O2 concentration, FeNC@C dosage, initial pH, and co-existing ions. The FeNC@C exhibits a degradation efficiency of 90% and total organic carbon removal exceeding 47% with 60 min. Our findings provide evidence that ˙OH is the primary reactive species in the process of NOR degradation. Additionally, we also propose a rational reaction mechanism and identify potential degradation intermediates. This study will facilitate further exploration of the heterogeneous catalyst as a potential approach for energy-efficient antibiotic decomposition.

Graphical abstract: A core–shell structural catalyst with graphitic carbon encapsulating Fe3C and Fe3N used for H2O2 activation to degrade norfloxacin

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
08 Oct 2024
Accepted
17 Dec 2024
First published
18 Dec 2024

New J. Chem., 2025,49, 1325-1332

A core–shell structural catalyst with graphitic carbon encapsulating Fe3C and Fe3N used for H2O2 activation to degrade norfloxacin

W. Tang, X. Kang, X. Zhang, L. Chen, H. Huang and Y. Yang, New J. Chem., 2025, 49, 1325 DOI: 10.1039/D4NJ04370G

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