Molecular recognition interfaces driving homogeneous zinc deposition for superior Zn metal anodes

Abstract

Rampant and uncontrolled detrimental interfacial reactions severely undermine the inherent advantages of zinc (Zn) anodes, thereby impeding the advancement of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). To address this challenge, the integration of eco-friendly macromolecules (RNA and DNA) as additives in the electrolyte facilitates the formation of persistent and stable nucleic acid recognition interfaces, effectively protecting the Zn anode and promoting uniform and healthy interfacial reactions. The rich functional groups and phosphate backbones present in these nucleic acid recognition interfaces engage in strong interactions with Zn²⁺ ions, leading to the establishment of a homogeneous interfacial ionic environment and optimized flux within the AZIBs. Consequently, these enhanced Zn anode interfaces exhibit not only high coulombic efficiency and impressive rate performance in symmetric and half-cells, but also superior long-term cycling performance in full cells. This research provides valuable insights into achieving uniform and healthy interfacial reactions for AZIBs, paving the way for their further advancement.