Dual-additive engineering of Ti sites and mesoporosity in TS-1 zeolite for enhanced oxidative desulfurization

Abstract

A dual-additive strategy employing acetonitrile and cyanosilane tunes titanium coordination and hierarchical porosity in TS-1, where the additives direct the non-classical crystallization pathway, enabling the construction of active Ti sites and hierarchical structures. This synergy enhances mass transfer and elevates oxidative desulfurization (ODS) efficiency and catalyst durability.