Issue 30, 2024

Graphene triggered catalytic attack on plastic waste produces graphitic shell encapsulation on cobalt nanoparticles for ferromagnetism and stable Li+ ion storage

Abstract

Plastic materials, viz., Ziploc bags (polyethylene) and packing foam (polystyrene) produce graphitic shell encapsulated cobalt nanoparticles by catalytic microwave deconstruction in 2 minutes. The phase purity is confirmed as cubic crystalline, having graphitic carbon with core–shell architecture recognized by a D-band at 1330 cm−1 and G-band at 1575 cm−1, attributed to the calculated specific surface area of 39 m2 g−1 for Co-GNP-ZipC, 19 m2 g−1 for Co-GNP-FmC and 47 m2 g−1 for pristine Co-GNP. Transmission electron microscopic results reveal graphitic shell encapsulation, 20 nm cobalt nanoparticles, carbon lattice fringes, and crystalline cobalt's ring patterns having bright diffraction spots. The magnetization M vs. H and magnetic susceptibility χ vs. T of pristine Co-GNP, Co-GNP-ZipC, and Co-GNP-FmC materials show the ferromagnetism of cobalt nanoparticles. Kinetic studies of the graphitic core–shell architecture exhibit an additional charge storage buildup and three reversible redox peaks, attributed to (de)insertion in the trace amount of amorphous CoO, conversion reaction of CoO to Co and Li2O and Li+ ion (de)intercalation in graphitic shell encapsulated carbon. The plastic waste-derived composite materials deliver a reversible capacity of 377 mA h g−1 for Co-GNP-ZipC and 509 mA h g−1 for Co-GNP-FmC at the 250th cycle compared to the pristine Co-GNP material (<1 mA h g−1), as a superior Li+ ion storage material.

Graphical abstract: Graphene triggered catalytic attack on plastic waste produces graphitic shell encapsulation on cobalt nanoparticles for ferromagnetism and stable Li+ ion storage

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
28 Feb 2024
Accepted
21 Jun 2024
First published
09 Jul 2024
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024,12, 19081-19093

Graphene triggered catalytic attack on plastic waste produces graphitic shell encapsulation on cobalt nanoparticles for ferromagnetism and stable Li+ ion storage

M. Palanisamy, R. Perumal, D. Zhang, H. Wang, O. Maximova, L. Rokhinson and V. G. Pol, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, 12, 19081 DOI: 10.1039/D4TA01354A

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