Issue 9, 2024

Liquid-free ionic conductive elastomers with high mechanical properties and ionic conductivity for multifunctional sensors and triboelectric nanogenerators

Abstract

Liquid-free ionic conductive elastomers (ICEs) are ideal materials for constructing flexible electronic devices by avoiding the limitations of liquid components. However, developing all-solid-state ionic conductors with high mechanical strength, high ionic conductivity, excellent healing, and recyclability remains a great challenge. Herein, a series of liquid-free polyurethane-based ICEs with a double dynamic crosslinked structure are reported. As a result of interactions between multiple dynamic bonds (multi-level hydrogen bonds, disulfide bonds, and dynamic D–A bonds) and lithium–oxygen bonds, the optimal ICE exhibited a high mechanical strength (1.18 MPa), excellent ionic conductivity (0.14 mS cm−1), desirable healing capacity (healing efficiency >95%), and recyclability. A multi-functional wearable sensor based on the novel ICE enabled real-time and rapid detection of various human activities and enabled recognizing writing signals and encrypted information transmission. A triboelectric nanogenerator based on the novel ICE exhibited an excellent open-circuit voltage of 464 V, a short-circuit current of 16 μA, a transferred charge of 50 nC, and a power density of 720 mW m−2, enabling powering of small-scale electronic products. This study provides a feasible strategy for designing flexible sensor products and healing, self-powered devices, with promising prospects for application in soft ionic electronics.

Graphical abstract: Liquid-free ionic conductive elastomers with high mechanical properties and ionic conductivity for multifunctional sensors and triboelectric nanogenerators

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Communication
Submitted
24 Dec 2023
Accepted
19 Feb 2024
First published
27 Feb 2024

Mater. Horiz., 2024,11, 2191-2205

Liquid-free ionic conductive elastomers with high mechanical properties and ionic conductivity for multifunctional sensors and triboelectric nanogenerators

F. Ou, T. Xie, X. Li, Z. Zhang, C. Ning, L. Tuo, W. Pan, C. Wang, X. Duan, Q. Liang, W. Gao, Z. Li and S. Zhao, Mater. Horiz., 2024, 11, 2191 DOI: 10.1039/D3MH02217J

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