A facile sonochemical synthesis of the Zn-based metal–organic framework for electrochemical sensing of paracetamol

Abstract

A zinc-based organic framework was synthesized using a fast, economical, and environmentally friendly sonochemical method. It consisted of a zinc central metal ion coordinated to a 1,3-benzene dicarboxylate linker (BDC). Several techniques have been employed to determine the exact chemical structure of the synthesized metal–organic framework. The X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) matches the theoretical pattern of the polymeric [Zn(BDC)(H₂O)]_n structure. The suggested structure of Zn-MOF was supported by FTIR, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR studies. The morphological structures of Zn-MOF particles and the modified electrode GC/Zn-MOF before and after paracetamol (PA) oxidation were characterized using SEM. Also, the modified electrode composition was analyzed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and mapping techniques. The modified GC/Zn-MOF electrode exhibited a detection limit (LOD) of 0.104 μM with a linear detection range of 1–50 μM PA in a phosphate buffer solution (PBS) using a differential pulse technique. Additionally, the modified Zn-MOF electrode exhibited anti-interference capability in the presence of different species. The negative adsorption energy predicted the spontaneity of the PA adsorption on the GC/Zn-MOF electrode surface. The modified GC/Zn-MOF electrode is simple, reliable, and practical, with promising potential for application as a PA sensor.