Issue 10, 2024

Free-base amino acid-encoded microsystems for dual detection of narcotics and therapeutic antidote monitoring

Abstract

In this proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate the simultaneous detection of narcotics and releasing of their respective antidote through real-time therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Our approach utilizes a free-base amino acid interface involving a two-step process. First, we create large surface area (4 × 4 mm) plasmonic gold nanostructures via a tryptophan (Trp) mediated supramolecular interface on pre-fabricated Si-nanopillars. Second, we protonate excess Trp (H+) to form a polymeric-Trp interface capable of entrapping drug particles like naloxone (OXN), an anti-opioid medication. This dual approach provides two distinct functionalities on a single Si-wafer substrate: (a) SERS-mediated detection of cocaine and heroin and (b) the evaluation of antidote drug (OXN) release kinetics using Raman spectroscopy. Combining supramolecular chemistry with microfabrication lays a strong foundation for developing highly ordered 3D nano/microstructures via a free-base amino acid chemistry towards next-generation theranostics.

Graphical abstract: Free-base amino acid-encoded microsystems for dual detection of narcotics and therapeutic antidote monitoring

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Communication
Submitted
09 Oct 2023
Accepted
04 Apr 2024
First published
09 May 2024
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

Mater. Adv., 2024,5, 4136-4141

Free-base amino acid-encoded microsystems for dual detection of narcotics and therapeutic antidote monitoring

S. K. Srivastava, Mater. Adv., 2024, 5, 4136 DOI: 10.1039/D3MA00824J

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