Half-sandwich ruthenium complexes with acylhydrazone ligands: synthesis and catalytic activity in the N-alkylation of hydrazides

Abstract

Novel half-sandwich ruthenium complexes termed [(p-cymene)RuClL] were synthesized by chelating arylhydrazone ligands with [(p-cymene)RuCl₂]₂ and were then fully characterized using different spectroscopic and analytical techniques. The crystal structure of complex 4 indicated that the hydrazone ligands bonded to the ruthenium ion in a bidentate manner through the imine nitrogen and imidazolate oxygen, exhibiting a pseudo-octahedral geometry centered by the ruthenium atom. The as-fabricated air and moisture stable half-sandwich ruthenium complexes demonstrated excellent catalytic activity towards the N-alkylation of hydrazides under mild conditions. Under the catalysis of ruthenium complexes, acyl hydrazides were reacted with different types of alcohols in a one-pot reaction, resulting in N-alkylation hydrazides with different substituents. This catalyst exhibited characteristics such as high catalytic efficiency, broad substrate scope, and mild reaction conditions, indicating that it has great potential for industrial applications.