Issue 4, 2024

Natural iron-rich tourmalines as effective catalysts for the heterogeneous and homogeneous activation of HCO3/H2O2 to achieve the degradation of typical dyes

Abstract

The catalytic activation of HCO3/H2O2 to generate reactive oxygen species could treat neutral or weak alkaline organic wastewater effectively. Based on the activation principle of HCO3/H2O2 and the advantages of natural tourmaline, four types of common tourmaline powders were investigated as catalysts to activate HCO3/H2O2 for the degradation of typical anionic (methyl orange: MO) and cationic (methylene blue: MB; rhodamine B: RhB) dyes in aqueous solution. Compared to magnesium-rich tourmaline, lithium-rich tourmaline and low Fe content tourmaline, higher activity was observed for high Fe content tourmaline (high-Fe TM) in the catalytic activation of HCO3/H2O2 to achieve dye degradation. Furthermore, high-Fe TM exhibited acceptable stability for activating HCO3/H2O2 for the degradation of dyes, and the co-existing ions in municipal tap water, temperature and pH had a weak influence on the catalytic activity of high-Fe TM. The degradation of dyes in the high-Fe TM/HCO3/H2O2 system was found to be initiated by typical reactive oxygen species, which are mainly originated from the catalytic activation of HCO3/H2O2 with high-Fe TM. Specifically, the Fe-based sites of high-Fe TM and the Fe ions dissolved with high-Fe TM co-activated HCO3/H2O2 through heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis, respectively. The degradation of RhB was driven by ˙OH and ˙O2, and the degradation of MB and MO was initiated by 1O2.

Graphical abstract: Natural iron-rich tourmalines as effective catalysts for the heterogeneous and homogeneous activation of HCO3−/H2O2 to achieve the degradation of typical dyes

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
05 Dec 2023
Accepted
10 Jan 2024
First published
11 Jan 2024

Catal. Sci. Technol., 2024,14, 990-998

Natural iron-rich tourmalines as effective catalysts for the heterogeneous and homogeneous activation of HCO3/H2O2 to achieve the degradation of typical dyes

H. He, J. Wen, Q. Chen, H. Yu, K. Liu, T. Han, X. Liu, G. Ke, Y. Li and H. Yang, Catal. Sci. Technol., 2024, 14, 990 DOI: 10.1039/D3CY01661G

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