Issue 12, 2024

Application of first-row transition metal complexes bearing 1,2,3-triazolylidene ligands in catalysis and beyond

Abstract

Triazole-derived N-heterocyclic carbenes, triazolylidenes (trz) have become an interesting alternative to the ubiquitous Arduengo-type imidazole-derived carbenes, in part because they are stronger donors, and in other parts due to their versatile synthesis through different types of click reactions. While the use of trz ligands has initially focused on their coordination to precious metals for catalytic applications, the recent past has seen a growing interest in their impact on first-row transition metals. Coordination of trz ligands to such 3d metals is more challenging due to the orbital mismatch between the carbene and the 3d metal center, which also affects the stability of such complexes. Here we summarize the strategies that have been employed so far to overcome these challenges and to prepare first-row transition metal complexes containing at least one trz ligand. Both properties and reactivities of these trz complexes are comprehensively compiled, with a focus on photophysical properties and, in particular, on the application of these complexes in homogeneous catalysis. The diversity of catalytic transformations entailed with these trz 3d metal complexes as well as the record-high performance in some of the reactions underpins the benefits imparted by trz ligands.

Graphical abstract: Application of first-row transition metal complexes bearing 1,2,3-triazolylidene ligands in catalysis and beyond

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
01 Feb 2024
First published
10 May 2024
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

Chem. Soc. Rev., 2024,53, 6322-6344

Application of first-row transition metal complexes bearing 1,2,3-triazolylidene ligands in catalysis and beyond

W. Stroek and M. Albrecht, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2024, 53, 6322 DOI: 10.1039/D4CS00021H

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