Tight-binding model predicts exciton energetics and structure for photovoltaic molecules

Abstract

Conjugated molecules and polymers are being designed as acceptor and donor materials for organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. OPV performance depends on generation of free charge carriers through dissociation of excitons, which are electron–hole pairs created when a photon is absorbed. Here, we develop a tight-binding model to describe excitons on homo-oligomers, alternating co-oligomers, and a non-fullerene acceptor – IDTBR. We parameterize our model using density functional theory (DFT) energies of neutral, anion, cation, and excited states of constituent moieties. A symmetric molecule like IDTBR has two ends where an exciton can sit; but the product wavefunction approximation for the exciton breaks symmetry. So, we introduce a tight-binding model with full correlation between electron and hole, which allows the exciton to coherently explore both ends of the molecule. Our approach predicts optical singlet excitation energies for oligomers of varying length as well as IDTBR in good agreement with time-dependent DFT and spectroscopic results.