Insights into the multi-functional lithium difluoro(oxalate)borate additive in boosting the Li-ion reaction kinetics for Li3VO4 anodes

Abstract

The rational design of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) with high ionic conductivity and high electrochemical stability is significantly important in improving the electrochemical performance of anode materials. Herein, lithium difluoro(oxalate)borate (LiDFOB) is used as an electrolyte additive to generate protective SEI films on Li₃VO₄ (LVO) anodes. The addition of LiDFOB is beneficial to form a dense, uniform, stable and LiF-richer SEI, which is helpful to boost the Li-ion storage kinetics. In addition, the generated SEI can inhibit the further decomposition of electrolytes and maintain the morphology of LVO anodes during charge/discharge processes. As a result, LVO-based anodes exhibit a much higher capacity (769.5 mA h g⁻¹ at 0.5 A g⁻¹), enhanced rate performance (243.3 mA h g⁻¹ at 5.0 A g⁻¹) and excellent long-term cycling stability (209.9 mA h g⁻¹ after 5000 cycles) when cycled in 1 wt% LiDFOB addition electrolyte. This work confirms that LiDFOB is a promising multi-functional additive for LiPF₆ electrolytes and provides new insights into SEI construction towards high-performance LVO anodes.