Heavy-atom-free triplet benzothiophene-fused BODIPY derivatives for lipid droplet-specific biomaging and photodynamic therapy

Abstract

The twist fusion of a benzothiophene group and the introduction of a 4-methyloxystyryl donor group to the BODIPY core resulted in large spin–orbit coupling values and smaller singlet–triplet energy gaps for the novel infrared absorbed photosensitizers named BSBDP. They show a high reactive oxygen species efficiency exceeding 69% and a fluorescence quantum yield of 23% and are successfully applied in imaging-guided photodynamic therapy in vitro and in vivo.