Issue 18, 2024

Nanomedicine for combination of chemodynamic therapy and immunotherapy of cancers

Abstract

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT), as a new type of therapy, has received more and more attention in the field of tumor therapy in recent years. By virtue of the characteristics of weak acidity and excess H2O2 in the tumor microenvironment, CDT uses the Fenton or Fenton-like reactions to catalyze the transformation of H2O2 into strongly oxidizing ˙OH, resulting in increased intracellular oxidative stress for lipid oxidation, protein inactivation, or DNA damage, and finally inducing apoptosis of cancer cells. In particular, CDT has the advantage of tumor specificity. However, the therapeutic efficacy of CDT frequently depends on the catalytic efficiency of the Fenton reaction, which needs the presence of sufficient H2O2 and catalytic metal ions. Relatively low concentrations of H2O2 and the lack of catalytic metal ions usually limit the final therapeutic effect. The combination of CDT with immunotherapy will be an effective means to improve the therapeutic effect. In this review paper, the recent progress related to nanomedicine for the combination of CDT and immunotherapy is summarized. Immunogenic death of tumor cells, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and stimulator of interferon gene (STING) activation as the main immunotherapy strategies to combine with CDT are discussed. Finally, the challenges and prospects for the clinical translation and future development direction are discussed.

Graphical abstract: Nanomedicine for combination of chemodynamic therapy and immunotherapy of cancers

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
30 Dec 2023
Accepted
03 Feb 2024
First published
04 Mar 2024

Biomater. Sci., 2024,12, 4607-4629

Nanomedicine for combination of chemodynamic therapy and immunotherapy of cancers

W. Ahmad, W. Sajjad, Q. Zhou and Z. Ge, Biomater. Sci., 2024, 12, 4607 DOI: 10.1039/D3BM02133E

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