Issue 7, 2024

Extracellular vesicles produced by 3D cultured MSCs promote wound healing by regulating macrophage activation through ANXA1

Abstract

The conundrum of wound healing has transformed into an imminent medical challenge. Presently, cell-free therapy centered around extracellular vesicles (EVs) has become a pivotal and promising research avenue. EVs generated from three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures have been previously established to possess enhanced tissue regeneration potential, although the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we observed higher expression of annexin ANXA1 in 3D-cultured EVs. Remarkably, 3D-EVs with elevated ANXA1 expression demonstrated a more potent capacity to promote macrophage polarization from the M1 phenotype to the M2 phenotype. Concurrently, they exhibited superior abilities to enhance cell migration and tube formation, facilitating expedited wound healing in animal experiments. Conversely, the application of an ANXA1 inhibitor counteracted the positive effects of 3D-EVs. Taken together, our data validate that extracellular vesicles derived from 3D-cultured MSCs regulate macrophage polarization via ANXA1, thereby fostering wound healing.

Graphical abstract: Extracellular vesicles produced by 3D cultured MSCs promote wound healing by regulating macrophage activation through ANXA1

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
14 Dec 2023
Accepted
07 Feb 2024
First published
17 Feb 2024

Biomater. Sci., 2024,12, 1761-1770

Extracellular vesicles produced by 3D cultured MSCs promote wound healing by regulating macrophage activation through ANXA1

H. Deng, Y. Jiang, J. Deng, F. Chang, J. Chen, X. Sun, D. Cheng, Z. Wang, R. Li, J. Liu, Y. Li, L. Zhang and P. Yin, Biomater. Sci., 2024, 12, 1761 DOI: 10.1039/D3BM02035E

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