Simultaneous determination of 13 sulfonamides at trace levels in soil by modified QuEChERS with HPLC-MS/MS

Abstract

The pretreatment of samples was vital for enhancing the sensitivity and accuracy of analytical methods. An efficient and sensitive method, based on modified QuEChERS with high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) for the simultaneous determination of the 13 sulfonamides (SAs) in soil, was developed. After extraction by sonication with methanol, the clean-up procedure was achieved using QuEChERS with a primary secondary amine (PSA). The quantification of the 13 SAs was performed by HPLC-MS/MS in electrospray ionization (ESI) and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) modes. Under optimized conditions, the standard solution exhibited good linearity within the range of 0.01–0.5 μg mL⁻¹. The limits of detection and the limits of quantification of the developed method were 0.007–0.030 μg kg⁻¹ and 0.022–0.101 μg kg⁻¹, respectively. The spiked recoveries for the 13 SAs were in the range of 74.5–111.7% with RSD less than 15%. Furthermore, the developed method was successfully applied for the determination of SAs in real soil samples. The above results showed that the proposed method would be an ideal analytical method for SAs in environmental ecological research.