Issue 34, 2023

“Gold-plated” PCN-222(Fe) and superconductive carbon black-based sandwich-type immunosensor for detecting CYFRA21-1

Abstract

Cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1) is a protein fragment dissolved in the blood after apoptosis of lung epithelial cells, which is a predictive biomarker for the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Detection of serum CYFRA21-1 has a significant clinical value in diagnosis, monitoring and prognosis of NSCLC. Herein, a novel electrochemical immunosensor was constructed for the sensitive detection of CYFRA21-1. First, superconductive carbon black (KB) functionalized polyethyleneimine (PEI)–gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were covered on the surface of methylene blue (MB) and used as substrate materials to immobilize the CYFRA21-1 antibody. Then, target CYFRA21-1 was successfully detected using an electrochemical immunosensor through specific recognition of antigen and antibody. The zirconium-based metal organic framework of PCN-222(Fe) with a large pore size and three-dimensional (3D) structure can absorb abundant AuNPs through strong electrostatic interaction, which enhances the conductive properties of PCN-222(Fe) and prevents the self-aggregation of AuNPs. However, PCN-222(Fe) with peroxidase-like activity can catalyze the generation of hydroxyl free radicals (˙OH) from H2O2, which oxidized MB, leading to a decrease in the current signal. The signal response to the degradation of MB was recorded using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). This indirect method of immunosensor offered a new strategy to address the limitations imposed by the poor conductivity of PCN-222(Fe), further enabling the amplification of the signal through the oxidative degradation of MB. Compared with traditional electrochemical immunosensors, this method has the advantages of a stable current signal and good reproducibility, providing a promising reference for the broad application of PCN-222(Fe) in electrochemical biosensors.

Graphical abstract: “Gold-plated” PCN-222(Fe) and superconductive carbon black-based sandwich-type immunosensor for detecting CYFRA21-1

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
30 May 2023
Accepted
31 Jul 2023
First published
14 Aug 2023

J. Mater. Chem. B, 2023,11, 8262-8270

“Gold-plated” PCN-222(Fe) and superconductive carbon black-based sandwich-type immunosensor for detecting CYFRA21-1

L. Fu, Z. Mu, J. Zhou, M. Qing and L. Bai, J. Mater. Chem. B, 2023, 11, 8262 DOI: 10.1039/D3TB01245J

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