Effect of temperature on the air–water surface mechanical behavior of water-spread block copolymer micelles

Abstract

In the pursuit of the development of a first-in-kind polymer lung surfactant (PLS) therapeutic whose effects are biophysical in nature, a comprehensive understanding of the factors affecting the air–water surface mechanical behavior of water-spread block copolymer micelles is desired. To this end, we explore the effect of temperature on the surface mechanical behavior of two different micelle core chemistries, poly(styrene) (PS) and poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) (PtBMA), each having poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as the hydrophilic block. The behavior is characterized using surface pressure–area isotherms and quantitative Brewster angle microscopy. The results indicate that the temperature has a significant effect on the micelle structure at the interface and this effect is related to the core T_g as well as the core interfacial tension properties. When temperature is higher than the core T_g for PS-PEG, the spherical micelle core rearranges to form an oblate-like structure which increases its interfacial area. The structural rearrangement changes the mechanism by which the film produces high surface pressure. For PtBMA-PEG, which has a lower interfacial tension with water and air compared to PS, the core domains spread at the interface when the mobility is sufficiently high such that a PtBMA film is formed under high compression. The implications of these changes on PLS efficacy are discussed highlighting the importance of core T_g characterization for polymer nanoparticle applications.