Alkyne-tethered oligodeoxynucleotides that allow simultaneous detection of multiple DNA/RNA targets using Raman spectroscopy

Abstract

Detection of multiple DNA/RNA targets is essential for understanding cellular function. Herein, we propose a general method for the simultaneous detection of plural nucleic acids based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) using gold nanoparticles bearing functional oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) on their surface. Modified ODNs bearing an acetylene tag hybridized with their complementary ODNs on the surface of the gold nanoparticles, inducing a strong SERS signal of the acetylene tag. The addition of the target nucleic acid to the system resulted in a spontaneous displacement of the strand on the particle and dissociation of the alkyne-tagged ODN from the particle, resulting in a dramatic decrease in signal intensity. By using an alkyne tag for each of the multiple target nucleic acids, each target could be detected simultaneously. In addition, we successfully detected cellular microRNA. Different targets showed changes with different wavenumbers in the Raman spectra, allowing for the detection of multiple nucleic acids.