Issue 43, 2023

Ultrahigh areal capacity and long cycling stability of sodium metal anodes boosted using a 3D-printed sodiophilic MXene/rGO microlattice aerogel

Abstract

Sodium metal has emerged as a highly promising anode material for sodium-based batteries, owing to its intrinsic advantages, including its high theoretical capacity, low working plateau and low cost. However, the uncontrolled formation of sodium dendrites accompanied by unrestricted volume expansion severely limits its application. To tackle these issues, we propose an approach to address these issues by adopting a three-dimensional (3D) structure of Ti3C2Tx/reduced graphene oxide (Ti3C2Tx/rGO) constructed by a direct-ink writing (DIW) 3D printing technique as the Na metal anode host electrode. The combination of the 3D-printed rGO skeleton offering artificial porous structures and the incorporation of sodiophilic Ti3C2Tx nanosheets provides abundant nucleation sites and promotes uniform sodium metal deposition. This specially designed architecture significantly enhances the Na metal cycling stability by effectively inhibiting dendrite formation. The experimental results show that the designed Ti3C2Tx/rGO electrode can achieve a high coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.91% after 1800 cycles (3600 h) at 2 mA cm−2 with 2 mA h cm−2. Notably, the adopted electrodes exhibit a long life span of more than 1400 h with a high CE over 99.93% when measured with an ultra-high capacity of 50 mA h cm−2 at 5 mA cm−2. Furthermore, a 3D-printed full cell consisting of a Na@Ti3C2Tx/rGO anode and a 3D-printed Na3V2(PO4)3C–rGO (NVP@C–rGO) cathode was successfully demonstrated. This 3D-printed cell could provide a notable capacity of 85.3 mA h g−1 at 100 mA g−1 after 500 cycles. The exceptional electrochemical performance achieved by the 3D-printed full cell paves the way for the development of practical sodium metal anodes.

Graphical abstract: Ultrahigh areal capacity and long cycling stability of sodium metal anodes boosted using a 3D-printed sodiophilic MXene/rGO microlattice aerogel

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
25 Jun 2023
Accepted
06 Oct 2023
First published
07 Oct 2023

Nanoscale, 2023,15, 17482-17493

Ultrahigh areal capacity and long cycling stability of sodium metal anodes boosted using a 3D-printed sodiophilic MXene/rGO microlattice aerogel

D. Pan, H. Yang, Y. Liu, H. Wang, T. Xu, D. Kong, J. Yao, Y. Shi, X. Li, H. Y. Yang and Y. Wang, Nanoscale, 2023, 15, 17482 DOI: 10.1039/D3NR03046F

To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given.

If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.

Social activity

Spotlight

Advertisements