MOF-derived single-atom catalysts for oxygen electrocatalysis in metal–air batteries

Abstract

Electrocatalysts play a critical role in oxygen electrocatalysis, enabling great improvements for the future development and application of metal–air batteries. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) derived from metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising catalysts for oxygen electrocatalysis since they are endowed with the merits of a distinctive electronic structure, a low-coordination environment, quantum size effect, and strong metal–support interaction. In addition, MOFs afford a desirable molecular platform for ensuring the synthesis of well-dispersed SACs, endowing them with remarkably high catalytic activity and durability. In this review, we focus on the current status of MOF-derived SACs used as catalysts for oxygen electrocatalysis, with special attention to MOF-derived strategies for the fabrication of SACs and their application in various metal–air batteries. Finally, to facilitate the future deployment of high-performing SACs, some technical challenges and the corresponding research directions are also proposed.