Issue 32, 2023

Controllably modulated asymmetrical photoresponse with a nonvolatile memory effect in a single CH3NH3PbI3 micro/nanowire for photorectifiers and photomemory

Abstract

Nanostructured hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites exhibit remarkable photodetection performance due to their abundant surface states and high responsivity to visible light. However, in traditional photodetectors with a symmetrical configuration of two-terminal electrodes, the photoresponse is independent of bias polarity. Moreover, for self-powered photodetectors, an asymmetric structure of the chemical composition, such as p–n and Schottky junctions, and two different electrodes are necessary. Herein, we demonstrate a modulable asymmetrical photoresponse by packing only one electrode end in a single CH3NH3PbI3 micro/nanowire with two symmetrical Ag electrodes. This not only enables the high performance of light- and bias-modulated multifunctional photorectifiers and self-powered photodetectors, but also allows controllable implementation of nonvolatile photomemory with a tunable spectral responsivity and range. At an unpacked electrode interface, trace moisture in the environment promotes a good bonding of Ag+ and I, substantially decreasing the interface barrier. Conversely, at a packed electrode interface, abundant surface states can be well preserved, leading to a high interface barrier. Notably, under a large voltage and strong light, the redox of Ag/AgI at the unpacked electrode interface and the injection and ejection of holes at the packed electrode interface can be reversibly conducted by inverting the voltage polarity, enabling a controllable nonvolatile modulation. Therefore, by clarifying the actual origin of the photoelectrical response of CH3NH3PbI3 micro/nanowires at electrode interfaces, high-performance multifunctional photorectifiers and self-powered photodetectors based on asymmetrical interface photovoltaic effects with two symmetrical electrodes can be controllably realized. Furthermore, by precise cooperative modulation of two electrode interface states with a large voltage and strong illumination, nonvolatile photomemory with a tunable spectral responsivity and range can be implemented.

Graphical abstract: Controllably modulated asymmetrical photoresponse with a nonvolatile memory effect in a single CH3NH3PbI3 micro/nanowire for photorectifiers and photomemory

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
25 Apr 2023
Accepted
15 Jul 2023
First published
17 Jul 2023

Nanoscale, 2023,15, 13359-13370

Controllably modulated asymmetrical photoresponse with a nonvolatile memory effect in a single CH3NH3PbI3 micro/nanowire for photorectifiers and photomemory

Z. Hong, H. Quan, C. Ke, Z. Ouyang and B. Cheng, Nanoscale, 2023, 15, 13359 DOI: 10.1039/D3NR01921G

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