Ex vivo transdermal delivery of 3H-labelled atovaquone solid drug nanoparticles: a comparison of topical, intradermal injection and microneedle assisted administration

Sam Morris; Mark Long; Alison Savage; Andrew Owen; Steve Rannard; Helen Cauldbeck

doi:10.1039/D3NA00454F

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Ex vivo transdermal delivery of ³H-labelled atovaquone solid drug nanoparticles: a comparison of topical, intradermal injection and microneedle assisted administration†

Sam Morris,

^a Mark Long,^b Alison Savage,

^c Andrew Owen,

^cd Steve Rannard

^ce and Helen Cauldbeck

*^ac

Author affiliations

* Corresponding authors

^a Radiomaterials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
E-mail: helen.cauldbeck@liverpool.ac.uk

^b Unilever Research Centre, Port Sunlight, Quarry Road East, Bebington, Wirral, UK

^c Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK

^d Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK

^e Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Oxford Street, Liverpool L7 3NY, UK

Abstract

Inherent barrier properties of the skin impose significant challenges to the transdermal delivery of drugs to systemic circulation. Here, the ex vivo transdermal permeation and deposition of an anti-malarial prophylactic atovaquone solid drug nanoformulation is radiometrically evaluated following application of a solid microneedle format.

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Article information

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D3NA00454F
Article type: Communication
Submitted: 26 Jun 2023
Accepted: 11 Oct 2023
First published: 17 Oct 2023
This article is Open Access

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Nanoscale Adv., 2023,5, 6400-6404

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Ex vivo transdermal delivery of ³H-labelled atovaquone solid drug nanoparticles: a comparison of topical, intradermal injection and microneedle assisted administration

S. Morris, M. Long, A. Savage, A. Owen, S. Rannard and H. Cauldbeck, Nanoscale Adv., 2023, 5, 6400 DOI: 10.1039/D3NA00454F

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. You can use material from this article in other publications without requesting further permissions from the RSC, provided that the correct acknowledgement is given.

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