Light management using photonic structures towards high-index perovskite optoelectronics: fundamentals, designing, and applications

Abstract

Benefiting from the superior photophysical properties and low-cost crystalline substances, perovskites have emerged as a competitive photoactive semiconductor for optoelectronic devices such as solar cells (SCs), light-emitting diodes (LEDs), photodetectors (PDs), and lasers. These perovskite optoelectronics can realize the reciprocal conversion of light and electricity. The conversion efficiency, besides relying on the crystalline quality of perovskite materials, highly depends on the management of the incident and emitted photons throughout the utilization, extraction, emission, and modulation of light. Light management is even more crucial for perovskites given their direct band gap and high refractive index. Photonic structures with periodic features afford promising and efficient means to manage light through the interaction between media and photons. In this review, typical strategies of photon management via photonic structures are first discussed from the perspective of photo-physics, such as antireflection modes, scattering enhancement, resonance modes, and photonic crystals. Then the design and implementation progress of these photonic elements for high-index perovskite optoelectronics are systemically summarized. Finally, the proposals and guidelines for high-performance multifunctional perovskite optoelectronics are provided to expedite their practical applications.