Robust and efficient transfer hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds catalyzed by NN-Mn(i) complexes

Abstract

A series of manganese(I) carbonyl complexes bearing structurally related NN- and NNN-chelating ligands have been synthesized and assessed as catalysts for transfer hydrogenation (TH). Notably, the NN-systems based on N-R functionalized 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline-8-amines, proved the most effective in the manganese-promoted conversion of acetophenone to 1-phenylethanol. In particular, the N-isopropyl derivative, Mn1, when conducted in combination with t-BuONa, was the standout performer mediating not only the reduction of acetophenone but also a range of carbonyl substrates including (hetero)aromatic-, aliphatic- and cycloalkyl-containing ketones and aldehydes with especially high values of TON (up to 17 200; TOF of 3550 h⁻¹). These findings, obtained through a systematic variation of the N-R group of the NN ligand, are consistent with an outer-sphere mechanism for the hydrogen transfer. As a more general point, this Mn-based catalytic TH protocol offers an attractive and sustainable alternative for producing alcoholic products from carbonyl substrates.