Environmental applications of single-atom catalysts based on graphdiyne

Abstract

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted significant attention because of their high atomic efficiency and unique performance in various catalytic reactions. As a two-dimensional (2D) layered structure, graphdiyne (GDY) is composed of hybridized sp and sp² carbon atoms and has been developing rapidly in recent years. In this review, we present the environmental catalytic reactions and applications of GDY-based SACs. The current routes for the synthesis of GDY are described, and the catalytic applications of GDY-based SACs in CO oxidation, CO₂ reduction reactions, hydrogenation, nitrogen reduction reactions, oxygen reduction reactions and water splitting are discussed in detail. Finally, the challenges and developments of GDY in SACs are presented.