Variable temperature kinetic isotope effects demonstrate extensive tunnelling in the C–H activation reactivity of a transition metal-oxo complex

Abstract

There has been recent interest about how the rates of concerted proton electron transfer (CPET) are affected by the thermodynamic parameters of intermediates from stepwise PT or ET reactions. Semiclassical arguments have been used to explain these trends despite the importance of quantum mechanical tunneling in CPET reactions. Here we report variable temperature kinetic isotope effect (KIE) data for the reactivity of a terminal Co-oxo complex with C–H bonds. The KIEs for the oxidation of both 9,10-dihydroanthracene (DHA) and fluorene have significant tunneling contributions and fluorene has a largely temperature-insensitive KIE which is inconsistent with semiclassical models. These findings support recent calls for a more detailed understanding of tunneling effects in thermodynamically imbalanced CPET reactions.