Highly sensitive, room temperature operated gold nanowire-based humidity sensor: adoptable for breath sensing

Abstract

A novel, highly sensitive gold nanowire (AuNW) resistive sensor is reported here for humidity sensing in the relative humidity range of 11% to 92% RH as well as for breath sensing. Both humidity and breath sensors are widely needed. Despite a lot of research on humidity and breath sensors, there is a need for simple, inexpensive, reliable, sensitive and selective sensors, which will operate at room temperature. Here we have synthesized gold nanowires by a simple, wet chemical route. The nanowires synthesized by us are 4–7 nm in diameter and a few micrometers long. The nanowires are amine functionalized. The sensor was prepared by drop casting gold nanowires on an alumina substrate to form a AuNW layer with different thicknesses (10, 20, 30 μm). The AuNW sensor is highly selective towards humidity and shows minimum cross sensitivity towards other gases and organic vapors. At an optimum thickness of 20 μm, the humidity sensing performance of the AuNW sensor over 11% to 92% RH was found to be superior to that of 10 and 30 μm thick layers. The response time of the sensor is found to be 0.2 s and the recovery time is 0.3 s. The response of the AuNW sensor was 3.3 MΩ/% RH. Further, the AuNW sensor was tested for sensing human breathing patterns.