Visible light-promoted, photocatalyst-free decarboxylative alkylation of 2H-indazoles via electron donor–acceptor complex activation

Abstract

A transition metal-free and traditional dye-free visible light-driven direct alkylation of 2-aryl-2H-indazoles was developed in the catalytic system of an electron donor–acceptor (EDA) complex involving alkyl N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) esters, triphenylphosphine (PPh₃), and sodium iodide (NaI).