Issue 18, 2022

Design of an aluminium ion battery with a graphyne host: lowest volume expansion, high stability and low diffusion barriers

Abstract

Commercialization of aluminium ion battery (AIB) requires limited volume expansion of the host cathode materials after AlCl4 intercalation, lower activation barrier, high theoretical specific capacity (TSC), cyclic durability and thermodynamic stability. Most of the carbon and non-carbon based cathode hosts explored so far failed to address the issue of volume expansion and there is a lack of clarity about thermodynamic stability. In this work, we employed multipronged first principles computational approaches on α- and γ-graphyne (GY) and showed that α-GY as a promising cathode host addresses each of the above concerns. Both α and γ-GYs provide ample space to accommodate more number of AlCl4 molecules leading to a high TSC of 186 mA h g−1 and open circuit voltages of 2.18 and 2.22 V, respectively. The absence of bond dissociation of AlCl4 and deformation of GY sheets at 300 and 600 K, as revealed by ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulation, indicates the stability of α- and γ-GY with adsorbed AlCl4. α-GY after intercalation shows a volume expansion of 186% which is the lowest among the cathode materials studied so far. The negligible expansion energy per unit surface area (∼0.003 eV Å−2) ensures the reversibility and hence cyclic durability of α-GY. Although the γ-GY shows a volume expansion of 249%, it is still promising. The NEB based diffusion study on monolayer and bilayer GY estimates the activation barriers to be (0.26, 0.06 eV) and (0.42, 0.16 eV) for α and γ phases, respectively. These values are either comparable to or lower than those of earlier reported cathode hosts.

Graphical abstract: Design of an aluminium ion battery with a graphyne host: lowest volume expansion, high stability and low diffusion barriers

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
23 Jan 2022
Accepted
22 Jul 2022
First published
17 Aug 2022
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

Nanoscale Adv., 2022,4, 3870-3882

Design of an aluminium ion battery with a graphyne host: lowest volume expansion, high stability and low diffusion barriers

A. V. G, S. B. Mishra, S. Ramaprabhu and B. R. K. Nanda, Nanoscale Adv., 2022, 4, 3870 DOI: 10.1039/D2NA00058J

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