Issue 2, 2022

Activatable molecular probes for fluorescence-guided surgery, endoscopy and tissue biopsy

Abstract

The real-time, dynamic optical visualization of lesions and margins ensures not only complete resection of the malignant tissues but also better preservation of the vital organs/tissues during surgical procedures. Most imaging probes with an “always-on” signal encounter high background noise due to their non-specific accumulation in normal tissues. By contrast, activatable molecular probes only “turn on” their signals upon reaction with the targeted biomolecules that are overexpressed in malignant cells, offering high target-to-background ratios with high specificity and sensitivity. This review summarizes the recent progress of activatable molecular probes in surgical imaging and diagnosis. The design principle and mechanism of activatable molecular probes are discussed, followed by specific emphasis on applications ranging from fluorescence-guided surgery to endoscopy and tissue biopsy. Finally, potential challenges and perspectives in the field of activatable molecular probe-enabled surgical imaging are discussed.

Graphical abstract: Activatable molecular probes for fluorescence-guided surgery, endoscopy and tissue biopsy

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
11 Sep 2021
First published
20 Dec 2021

Chem. Soc. Rev., 2022,51, 566-593

Activatable molecular probes for fluorescence-guided surgery, endoscopy and tissue biopsy

Y. Zhang, G. Zhang, Z. Zeng and K. Pu, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2022, 51, 566 DOI: 10.1039/D1CS00525A

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