Issue 36, 2021

Tuning the intrinsic catalytic activities of oxygen-evolution catalysts by doping: a comprehensive review

Abstract

Electrochemical water splitting produces clean hydrogen fuel as one of the pivotal alternative energies to fossil fuels in the near future. However, the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a significant bottleneck that curtails large-scale applications of electrochemical water splitting technology, owing to its sluggish reaction kinetics. In the past few decades, various methods have been proposed to improve the OER kinetics. Among them, doping is a simple and efficient method to mold the OER kinetics of a catalyst by incorporating different or hetero atoms into the host lattice. These efforts are vital to design highly efficient OER catalysts for real-world applications. However, the OER mechanism of a doped catalyst varies, depending on the host lattice and the dopant. This review highlights different doping strategies and associated OER mechanisms of state-of-the-art catalysts, including oxides (noble metal oxides, perovskite oxides, spinel oxides, hydroxides and others), non-oxides (metal sulfides, metal selenides, metal phosphides, metal nitrides and metal carbides), and carbon-based catalysts (graphene, carbon nanotubes and others). Fundamental understanding of the doping effects on the OER from combined experimental and theoretical research provides guidelines for designing efficient catalysts.

Graphical abstract: Tuning the intrinsic catalytic activities of oxygen-evolution catalysts by doping: a comprehensive review

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
12 May 2021
Accepted
06 Aug 2021
First published
13 Aug 2021
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2021,9, 20131-20163

Tuning the intrinsic catalytic activities of oxygen-evolution catalysts by doping: a comprehensive review

S. R. Ede and Z. Luo, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2021, 9, 20131 DOI: 10.1039/D1TA04032D

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