Lightweight MWCNT/hollow mesoporous carbon/WPU composite material with excellent electromagnetic shielding performance

Abstract

With the rapid increase of intelligent communication equipment, electromagnetic pollution is becoming more and more serious, and the research and application of high-performance electromagnetic shielding materials have attracted great attention from the academic and engineering circles. Traditional metal-based electromagnetic shielding materials have high reflection loss, high density, and are difficult to process. Polymer-based materials with carbon materials as fillers have the advantages of flexibility, light weight, corrosion resistance and low processing costs. They have become the most important materials in the field of electromagnetic shielding in recent years. However, the conductivity of conductive polymer materials is not high. Therefore, improving the electromagnetic shielding performance and the proportion of absorption loss under low density conditions have become key issues for polymer-based electromagnetic shielding materials. MWCNT/MCHMs/WPU composites were prepared by a solution mixing method, with 20 wt%, 40 wt%, 60 wt% MWCNTs and 40 wt% MWCNT/10 wt% MCHMs as fillers. By comparing the effects of different MWCNT content and MCHMs on the dielectric properties, electromagnetic shielding properties and mechanical properties of the MWCNT/MCHMs/WPU composites, the relationship between the structure and properties of the composites has been explored. The 0.6 mm WPU/60 wt% MWCNT composite has an electrical conductivity of 95.4 S m⁻¹ and an electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of 40 dB in the X band. Adding 10 wt% MCHMs to the WPU/40 wt% MWCNT composite material can significantly improve the composite. The δ of the material increased from 51.2 S m⁻¹ to 55.4 S m⁻¹, and the SE increased from 30 dB to 33 dB. The research results show that the increase in MWCNT content and MCHMs is beneficial to improving the electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance of the composite materials.