Diterpenoids with an unprecedented ring system from Euphorbia peplus and their activities in the lysosomal-autophagy pathway

Abstract

Three novel jatrophane diterpenes, cyclojatrophanes A–C (1–3), were isolated from the seeds of Euphorbia peplus. Compounds 1–3 featured an unprecedented 5/5/5/11 tetracyclic ring system incorporating ditetrahydropyran rings. Their structures including their absolute configurations were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis, X-ray crystallographic experiments and chemical transformations. In addition, these compounds could significantly activate the lysosomal-autophagy pathway.