Synthesis and characterization of 1-butyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium energetic ionic liquids with transition-metal complex anions

Abstract

Energetic ionic liquids (EILs) based on 1-butyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium cation ([BATZ]⁺) and transition metal complex anions, namely hexanitritocobaltate(III) ([Co(NO₂)₆]³⁻), hexacyanocobaltate(III) ([Co(CN)₆]³⁻), tetraisothiocyanatecobalt(II) [Co(NCS)₄]²⁻ and ferricyanide ([Fe(CN)₆]³⁻), were synthesized. These EILs were obtained by an environmentally friendly, simple method using precursors of the transition metal complexes. The EILs were fully characterized by ¹H NMR, FT-IR, Raman, theoretical IR, and UV-vis spectroscopy, molecular orbital analyses, and the determination of thermal stability, density, viscosity, water content, heat of formation and lattice energy. According to the investigation of their properties, these new EILs have potential as propellants.