Exploring the stability of the NHC–metal bond using thiones as probes

Abstract

The metal–carbon bond in N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) metal complexes, which are ubiquitous in modern homogeneous catalysis, is often conjectured to be robust. Here, carbene dissociation was evaluated from a series of complexes with metals of relevance in catalysis containing either an Arduengo-type 2-imidazolylidene or a mesoionic 1,2,3-triazolylidene ligand through thione formation, revealing remarkable kinetic lability of the NHC–metal bond for, e.g. Ir^III, Rh^III, and Ni^II complexes.