Titanate for water remediation: synthesis, application, mechanism and optimization

Abstract

Water pollution has become an international environmental problem which constricts the development of human health, the economy and sustainability. In recent years, titanate materials have attracted significant attention in water remediation due to their excellent cation exchange capacity, appropriate photocatalytic ability, superior superhydrophilicity, underwater superoleophobicity, outstanding reusability and cost-effective properties. In this paper, the current synthesis methods and their respective advantages and disadvantages were summarized and discussed. Furthermore, the applications of the obtained titanate in pollutant elimination and related mechanisms were also summarized in detail. Finally, the influencing factors including external factors and internal factors and regeneration ability were outlined to provide guidelines for improving the removal performance and optimizing the water remediation process.