A PANI-Fe3O4@ZnO nanocomposite: a magnetically separable and applicable catalyst for the synthesis of chromeno-pyrido[d]pyrimidine derivatives

Abstract

We report herein green, practical, PANI-Fe₃O₄@ZnO-nanocomposite-catalyzed cyclocondensation reactions involving 4-aminocoumarin, 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid, and aromatic aldehydes in an aqueous medium at room temperature to synthesize 9,11-dimethyl-7-aryl-6H-chromeno[3′,4′:5,6]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6,8,10(9H,11H)triones. This research aims to provide an applicable and high-yield protocol that follows the principles of green chemistry, with the use of water as an environmentally benign medium and the PANI-Fe₃O₄@ZnO nanocomposite as a magnetically recoverable catalyst.