Issue 15, 2020

Current state of the art in rapid diagnostics for antimicrobial resistance

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a fundamental global concern analogous to climate change threatening both public health and global development progress. Infections caused by antimicrobial-resistant pathogens pose serious threats to healthcare and human capital. If the increasing rate of AMR is left uncontrolled, it is estimated that it will lead to 10 million deaths annually by 2050. This global epidemic of AMR necessitates radical interdisciplinary solutions to better detect antimicrobial susceptibility and manage infections. Rapid diagnostics that can identify antimicrobial-resistant pathogens to assist clinicians and health workers in initiating appropriate treatment are critical for antimicrobial stewardship. In this review, we summarize different technologies applied for the development of rapid diagnostics for AMR and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). We briefly describe the single-cell technologies that were developed to hasten the AST of infectious pathogens. Then, the different types of genotypic and phenotypic techniques and the commercially available rapid diagnostics for AMR are discussed in detail. We conclude by addressing the potential of current rapid diagnostic systems being developed as point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tools and the challenges to adapt them at the POC level. Overall, this review provides an insight into the current status of rapid and POC diagnostic systems for AMR.

Graphical abstract: Current state of the art in rapid diagnostics for antimicrobial resistance

Article information

Article type
Critical Review
Submitted
12 Jan 2020
Accepted
30 Jun 2020
First published
30 Jun 2020

Lab Chip, 2020,20, 2607-2625

Current state of the art in rapid diagnostics for antimicrobial resistance

R. K. Shanmugakani, B. Srinivasan, M. J. Glesby, L. F. Westblade, W. B. Cárdenas, T. Raj, D. Erickson and S. Mehta, Lab Chip, 2020, 20, 2607 DOI: 10.1039/D0LC00034E

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