Konjac glucomannan-templated synthesis of three-dimensional NiO nanostructures assembled from porous NiO nanoplates for gas sensors

Abstract

Biopolymer template synthesis has attracted extensive interest for fabricating highly porous metal oxide nanostructures. In this report, a green template-based approach for the synthesis of three-dimensional (3D) NiO nanostructures assembled from porous NiO nanoplates is introduced using a konjac glucomannan (KGM) template. The Ni–KGM composites, which were formed by the immersion of KGM nanofibrils in nickel nitrate solution, were annealed in air at 600 °C to obtain the highly porous NiO nanoplates. The KGM nanofibrils were used as a sacrificial template, which was combusted at a high temperature for the formation of the porous nanostructures. The gas sensor properties of the porous NiO architecture were systematically investigated with four reduced gases including hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The results indicate that the porous NiO nanoplates show a good detection of hydrogen sulfide with a rapid response and recovery speed at low concentrations.