Issue 21, 2018

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) based nanoparticles composed of AIE luminogens and NIR dyes with enhanced three-photon near-infrared emission for in vivo brain angiography

Abstract

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence is very important for high-contrast biological imaging of high-scattering tissues such as brain tissue. Unfortunately, commercial NIR dyes are excited usually by visible light, and their multi-photon absorption (MPA) cross-sections are small. Here, we design new co-encapsulated NIR nanoparticles (NPs) with a large three-photon (3PA) absorption cross-section. A form of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogen (AIEgen), 2,3-bis(4′-(diphenylamino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl) fumaronitrile (TPATCN), is introduced as the donor, and a form of NIR dye, silicon 2,3-naphthalocyanine bis-(trihexylsilyloxide) (NIR775), is adopted as the acceptor. Under the excitation of a 1550 nm fs laser, TPATCN–NIR775 NPs demonstrated a bright three-photon fluorescence centered at 785 nm. The energy transfer efficiency of the TPATCN–NIR775 NPs was calculated to be as high as 90%, which could be attributed to the good spectral overlap between the emission of TPATCN and the absorption of NIR775. By injection with TPATCN–NIR775 NPs, a vivid 3D reconstruction of mouse brain vasculature was obtained with even small blood vessels clearly visualized. The design strategy used for the co-encapsulated AIE–NIR NPs would be helpful in synthesizing more NIR probes for deep-tissue biological imaging in the future.

Graphical abstract: Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) based nanoparticles composed of AIE luminogens and NIR dyes with enhanced three-photon near-infrared emission for in vivo brain angiography

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
04 Jan 2018
Accepted
24 Apr 2018
First published
26 Apr 2018

Nanoscale, 2018,10, 10025-10032

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) based nanoparticles composed of AIE luminogens and NIR dyes with enhanced three-photon near-infrared emission for in vivo brain angiography

W. Liu, Y. Wang, X. Han, P. Lu, L. Zhu, C. Sun, J. Qian and S. He, Nanoscale, 2018, 10, 10025 DOI: 10.1039/C8NR00066B

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