Bimetallic CoNiSx nanocrystallites embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon anchored on reduced graphene oxide for high-performance supercapacitors

Abstract

Exploring high-performance and low-priced electrode materials for supercapacitors is important but remains challenging. In this work, a unique sandwich-like nanocomposite of reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-supported N-doped carbon embedded with ultrasmall CoNiS_x nanocrystallites (rGO/CoNiS_x/N–C nanocomposite) has been successfully designed and synthesized by a simple one-step carbonization/sulfurization treatment of the rGO/Co–Ni precursor. The intriguing structural/compositional/morphological advantages endow the as-synthesized rGO/CoNiS_x/N–C nanocomposite with excellent electrochemical performance as an advanced electrode material for supercapacitors. Compared with the other two rGO/CoNiO_x and rGO/CoNiS_x nanocomposites, the rGO/CoNiS_x/N–C nanocomposite exhibits much enhanced performance, including a high specific capacitance (1028.2 F g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹), excellent rate capability (89.3% capacitance retention at 10 A g⁻¹) and good cycling stability (93.6% capacitance retention over 2000 cycles). In addition, an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) device based on the rGO/CoNiS_x/N–C nanocomposite as the cathode and activated carbon (AC) as the anode is also fabricated, which can deliver a high energy density of 32.9 W h kg⁻¹ at a power density of 229.2 W kg⁻¹ with desirable cycling stability. These electrochemical results evidently indicate the great potential of the sandwich-like rGO/CoNiS_x/N–C nanocomposite for applications in high-performance supercapacitors.