Chemiluminescence determination of furazolidone in poultry tissues and water samples after selective solid phase microextraction using magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers

Abstract

A simple, rapid, low cost and selective magnetic solid phase microextraction method using a magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (MMIP) combined with chemiluminescence (CL) was developed for the separation/preconcentration and determination of the furazolidone (FZD) antibiotic. The sorbent was synthesized using a bulk polymerization method. SiO₂-coated Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were used as the magnetic supporter, FZD as the template, 4-vinylpyridine as the functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the crosslinker and toluene as the porogen solvent. The synthesized MMIP was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis. The MMIP nanoparticles showed a sorption capacity as high as 49.6 mg g⁻¹. Under the optimized conditions, the calibration graph was linear (R² = 0.9991) over the range of 0.1–10.0 μg L⁻¹ with a limit of detection of 0.027 μg L⁻¹ for the preconcentration of 100 mL of the sample and 0.5 mL of eluent. The relative standard deviations (RSD%) at the 1.0 μg L⁻¹ level of FZD (n = 6) for intra- and inter-day analysis were 4.7 and 5.4%, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied to the determination of trace amounts of FZD in poultry tissues and water samples.