3,4,5-Trinitro-1-(nitromethyl)-1H-pyrazole (TNNMP): a perchlorate free high energy density oxidizer with high thermal stability

Abstract

A superior oxidizer, a derivative of trinitropyrazole, 3,4,5-trinitro-1-(nitromethyl)-1H-pyrazole (TNNMP), was obtained in good yield by the reaction of ammonium 4-amino-3,5-dinitropyrazolate with bromonitromethane followed by oxidation with a mixture of H₂O₂/H₂SO₄. Characterization of TNNMP shows that in addition to having good oxygen balance (+18.3%) and detonation performance (D_v = 8858 m s⁻¹; P = 35.1 GPa), it concomitantly has high thermal stability (T_d = 202 °C) and acceptable sensitivities (IS = 14 J; FS = 120 N). These attractive properties suggest TNNMP as a promising perchlorate free high energy density oxidizer and a potential replacement for ammonium perchlorate.