Film morphology of solution-processed regioregular ternary conjugated polymer solar cells under processing additive stress

Abstract

In comparison with many reported high-efficiency polymer solar cells, only 0.5% (v/v) additive is necessary to optimize a polymer/fullerene (PSFSiF/PC₇₁BM) system, and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) was boosted from 2.4% to 8.0%. 2D grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) is utilized to understand the relevant structural features in the blend films prepared under different processing conditions, and the BHJ morphology is also examined using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques.