Hollow NiFe2O4 nanospheres on carbon nanorods as a highly efficient anode material for lithium ion batteries

Abstract

The integration of both hollow structure engineering and hybridization to design a novel composite consisting of metal oxides with carbon is highly promising for the anode of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) with high rate capability, remarkable stability, good safety and low cost. In this work, a unique hierarchical structure of NiFe₂O₄ nanospheres anchored on amorphous carbon nanorods (denoted as NiFe₂O₄ NSs@CNR) has been synthesized as an anode material for LIBs by using a metal organic framework (MOF) (Fe₂Ni MIL-88) as the template and precursor without the addition of external carbon. Combining the hollow structure of NiFe₂O₄ nanospheres with the carbon nanorod matrix, the as-prepared NiFe₂O₄ NSs@CNR thus exhibits a superior electrochemical performance, which stabilized at an average capacity of 1355 mA h g⁻¹ after 100 cycles at 0.1C and 1045.6 mA h g⁻¹ after 400 cycles at 1C when evaluated as an anode material for LIBs. More importantly, the hollow NiFe₂O₄ NSs@CNR shows a long life-span capacity of 513.7 mA h g⁻¹ even at a high rate of 2C after 1000 cycles.