Graphene quantum dot modified g-C3N4 for enhanced photocatalytic oxidation of ammonia performance

Abstract

In this study, graphene quantum dot (GQD) modified g-C₃N₄ (GQDs/CN) composite photocatalysts were prepared. The photocatalytic ammonia degradation properties of the GQDs/CN composites were much higher than that of pure g-C₃N₄. When the amount of GQDs added reached 0.5 wt% the GQDs/CN composite showed the best performance for photocatalytic total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) removing, and a 90% TAN removing rate was achieved in 7 hours under visible light illumination (200 mW cm⁻²), which is approximately 3 times higher than that of pure g-C₃N₄. The increased photocatalytic property was contributed by the photon adsorption ability and electron transfer capacity, which were improved after GQD modification. The main photocatalytic end-product of TAN was NO₃⁻ which is a type of environmentally green ion. Further results indicated that the oxygen concentration and pH value of the reaction solution were very important for the photocatalytic ammonia degradation process. A better performance could be achieved under a higher oxygen concentration and pH value.