Ligand-free Pd(0)/SiO2-catalyzed aminocarbonylation of aryl iodides to amides under atmospheric CO pressure

Abstract

An efficient and facile route for CO-based carbonylation of aryl iodides with amines to synthesize amides has been established by using SiO₂ supported Pd(0) as the catalyst in a mild basic environment (K₂CO₃). This ligand-free heterogeneous reaction model can afford amide products in good to excellent yields (up to 99%) under atmospheric CO pressure and moderate temperature. The supported catalyst also displayed a broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance and good recyclability. These features render the as-provided carbonylation approach sustainable and applicable in organic synthesis.