Sonochemical one pot synthesis of novel spiroacridines catalyzed by magnetically functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles with chitosan as a reusable effective catalyst

Abstract

A facile one-pot and three-component economical synthesis of spiroacridine using acenaphthoquinone, different anilines and dimedone in the presence of Fe₃O₄@CS–SO₃H NPs catalyst under ultrasonic irradiation is described. Firstly, the Fe₃O₄@CS NPs were prepared from reaction of chitosan with Fe₃O₄ NPs. Afterwards, treatment of Fe₃O₄@CS NPs with chlorosulfonic acid leads to the formation of Fe₃O₄@CS–SO₃H NPs. Compared to the conventional methods, the ultrasound procedure showed several advantages including mild reaction conditions, high yield of products, short reaction times, and reusability of the catalyst. The core–shell structure and the composition of the produced magnetic nanocatalyst were analyzed using FT-IR, XRD, VSM, SEM and EDX techniques.